Stock Market Exchange “Sariflayaasha suuqa saamiyada Waa suuqyo maaliyadeed sharciyeesan lana maamulo, kaasoo maalgashiyadaasha u ogalaanaayo in ay ka iibsan karaan iskana iibin karaan Saami, si toos ah “Public companies”
Waa platformyo amaan ah la isku halayn karo kuwaasoo shirkadaha too ugu soo list-gareeyaan saamigooda, maalgashiyadaasha ‘institutional traders’ ay toos ugu iibsadaan, waxay u dajiyaan tarders-ka sharciyo si loo ilaaliyo sicirka qiimaha saamiyada, waxaa maamulo ‘finnancial authorities’ sida Security Exchange Commision-SEC.
Noccyada Stock Market
- Primary Market, Waa saamiga cusub ay soo issue gareeyaan companyada ka soo baxay IPO-initial public offering, maalgashiyaasha ay iibsadaan.
- Secondary Market, waa saamiga horay u jiray ee suuqyada laga heli karo kaasoo maalgashiyaasha is dhaafsadaan.
10-ka Suuq ugu wayn Saamiyada.
- NYS – New York Stock Exchange; Waxaa laga leeyahey dalka Maraykanka waa mid ka mid ah suuqa saamiya ugu wayn caalamka, waxaa la aas aasay 1792, hantidiisa guud ee dhex marto waxay kor u dhaafaysaa 25 trillion, waxaana laga helaa saamiyada ‘Blue-chip companies’ sida Apple, Micrsoft, Coca-Cola, Alphabet.
- Nasdaq; Waa suuqa labaad ugu wayn Stock Market, waxaa laga leeyahey dalka maraykanka, waxaana la sameeye 1971, suuqaan kaliya wuxuu diirada saaraa saamiyada ‘tech companies’ sida Alphabet, Apple, Micrsotf, NVIDIA, Meta.
- Shanghai Stock Exchange; Waa suuq saami si dhaqso ah u kobcaayo, waxaana la sameeye 1990, waxaana laga leeyahey dalka china, hantida guud ee dhax marto waxaa lagu qiyaasaa 10 trillion, kaliya waxaana laga helaa saamiyada shirkadaha laga leeyahey dalka china sida Alibaba iyo petro china.
- Euronext; Waa suuq saamiyad laga leeyahey qaarada Europe waxayna xaruumo kala duwan ku leedahey badi wadamada qaarada sida Belgium, Nederland, France, Germany, headquarteskeeda wuxuu ku yaalaa magaalada Amesterdam waxaana la sameeye 2000, hantida guud ee suuqaan ku jirto waxay kor u dhaafaysaa 7 trillion.
- TSE-Tokyo Stock Exchange; Xaruuntiisa waxay ku taalaa Tokyo caasimada Japan, waxaana la aas aasay 1878 hantidiisa guud ee dhax marto waxaa lagu qiyaasaa 5 trillion, waana suuqa saamiyada ugu da’da wayn qaarada Asia waxaana laga helaa saamiyada shirkadaha qaarada gaar ahaan kuwa japan sida Toyota, Sony.
- LSE-London Stock Exchange; Waxaa laga leeyahey suuqaan wadanka UK, waana kan ugu da’a wayn qaarada waxaa la aas aasay 1801, hantidiisa guud waxaa lagu qiyaasaa 4 trillion, waxaana laga helaa saamiyada shirkadaha ka howlgala bqortooyada sida HSBC, BP, Shell, Diago, Relx.
- Hong kong Stock Exhange; Waxaa la sameeye suuqaan taariikda markay aheed 1891, waxayna ku taala xaruuntiisa Hong Kong hantidiisa guud waxaa lagu qiyaasaa 4 trillion, waana suuq caalami ah wuxuu isku xeraa companiyada ka howlgalo china iyo maalgashiyadaasha caalamiga ah.
- Bombay Stock Exchange-BSE; Waxaa laga leeyahey wadanka India, waxaan la sameeyay 1875tii, hantidiisa guud waxay kor u dhaafaysaa 4 trillion waxaana lagu soo list-gareeyaa saamiyada kaliya companyada ka shaqeeyo india.
- Tronto Stock Exchange; suuqaan waxay ku taalaa xaruuntiisa tronto-canada waxaana la sameeyay 1852dii, hantida guud ee dhexmarto waxaa lagu qiyaasaa 3 trillion waxaana laga helaa kaliya saamiyada companyada ka shaqeeo mining iyo Oil-ka.
- Frankfurt Stock Exchange; Waxaa laga leeyahey suuqaan Dalka Germany, waa midka ugu qadiimsan ee la adeegsado ilaa waqtigaan waxaana la aas aasay 1585tii, hantida guud ee suuqaan waxay kor u dhaafaysaa 2 trillion waxaana laga helaa kaliyaa saamiyada shirkadaha ka howlgaola Germany sida BMW, Siemens, Deutsche Bank.
Afrata qaab lagu shaqaysto suuqa Saamiyada
- Long-Term investing; habkaan waa in aad iibsato saami oo aad haayso sannado si aad faaido ugu hesho marka uu gaaro qiimo sare ama aad ka hesho ‘Dividends’ oo ah maalgashigaaga in aad si yar yar ula baxdo.
- Day trading; Waa inaad iibsato iskana iibiso saami adigoo ka faa’ideysanaayo isbadelka sicirka hal maalin gudaheed waxayna ku haboontahey shirkadaha yar yar ‘lower market Cap Companies’.
- Swing trading; Midaan waa inaad iibsato saami adigoo haaysanaayo maalmooyin, ilaa isbuucooyin faa’idona ka samaynaayo isbadelka qiimaha saamigaas
- Growth investing; Midaan waa inaad maalgashato saamiyada shirkadaha yar yar ay soo koraayo kuwaas oo laga yaabo in mustaqbalka dhaw faa’ido sameeyaan.
Waxyaabaha Saameeyo suuqa Saamiyada
- Economic Condition; ‘Xaalado dhaqaale sida sicir bararka, intrest rate iyo wax soo saarka wadamada.
- Geopolitical Events; ‘Dhacdooyinka wadamada, Sida dagaalada, heshiisyada ganacsi ay kala saxiixdaan, iyo xasilooni daro siyaasadeed.
- Government regulation; ‘Maamulida dowladaha, Sida u dajinta sharciyada, ka qaadista canshuurta suuqyada taasoo saamaynayso ganacsiyada.
